Trichinella spiralis y Trichinella patagoniensis: cinética de desialización eritrocitaria / Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella patagoniensis: kinetics of erythrocyte desialization / Trichinella spiralis e Trichinella patagoniensis: cinética de dessialização eritrocitária

El objetivo del trabajo fue estudiar la cinética de desialización eritrocitaria producida por larvas infectantes de Trichinella spiralis y Trichinella patagoniensis. Se trabajó con 7 suspensiones eritrocitarias incubadas con 1.000±200 larvas musculares/mL, durante 2 horas, tomando muestra al tiempo inicial y cada 15 minutos. Los respectivos eritrocitos controles se incubaron de la misma manera con solución salina. Se aplicaron el método de titulación por Polibrene calculando el CexpST y un análisis de varianza (ANOVA) con las comparaciones múltiples según Tukey. Los resultados mostraron que el valor promedio de CexpST disminuyó con el aumento del tiempo de incubación, para ambas especies. En el tratamiento con T. spiralis no hubo diferencias significativas entre el valor medio del coeficiente a tiempo 60 y 75 minutos, mientras que con T. patagoniensis, a 45 y 60 minutos. Todas las restantes diferencias fueron significativas. La comparación entre los tratamientos, para cada uno de los tiempos, mostró que al tiempo inicial el coeficiente promedio no difirió entre las especies, pero que a todos los otros tiempos fue significativamente menor en la incubación de los eritrocitos con T. spiralis. Se concluye que la relación hospedador-parásito que se establece en ambos casos es distinta y probablemente también la capacidad de adaptación y de daño al hombre.

The objective of this work was to study the kinetics of erythrocyte desialization produced by infective larvae of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella patagoniensis. It was performed on 7 erythrocyte suspensions incubated with 1,000±200 muscle larvae/ mL for 120 minutes, taking samples at the initial time and every 15 minutes. The respective control erythrocytes were incubated in the same way with saline solution. The Polybrene Titration method calculating the CexpST and variance analysis (ANOVA) with the multiple comparisons according to Tukey were applied. The results showed that the average value of CexpST decreased with the increase in incubation time, for both species. There were no significant differences between the mean value of the coefficient at 60 and 75 minutes in the treatment with T. spiralis, while neither were there any differences between 45 and 60 minutes in the incubation with T. patagoniensis. All other differences were significant. The comparison between the two treatments, for each of the times, showed that at the initial time the average coefficient did not differ between the species, but at all other times it was significantly lower in the incubation of the erythrocytes with T. spiralis. It is concluded that the parasite host relationship that is established in both cases is different and probably also is the ability to adapt and cause harm to man.

O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a cinética de dessialização eritrocitária. produzida por larvas infectantes de Trichinella spiralis e Trichinella patagoniensis. O trabalho foi feito com 7 suspensões eritrocitárias incubadas com 1.000±200 larvas musculares/mL por 2 horas, colhendo amostras no tempo inicial e a cada 15 minutos. Os respectivos eritrócitos-controle foram incubados da mesma forma com solução salina. Foi aplicado o método de titulação por Polibreno calculando o CexpST e também uma análise da variância (ANOVA) com as comparações múltiplas de acordo com Tukey. Os resultados mostraram que o valor médio de CexpST diminuiu com o aumento do tempo de incubação para ambas as espécies. No tratamento com T. spiralis não houve diferenças significativas entre o valor médio do coeficiente no tempo 60 e 75 minutos, ao passo que com T. patagoniensis, aos 45 e 60 minutos. Todas as diferenças restantes foram significativas. A comparação entre os tratamentos, para cada um dos tempos, mostrou que no tempo inicial o coeficiente médio não diferiu entre as espécies, mas que em todos os outros tempos foi significativamente menor na incubação dos eritrócitos com T. spiralis. A conclusão é que a relação hospedeiro-parasita, estabelecida em ambos os casos, é diferente e provavelmente também a capacidade de adaptação e dano ao homem.

Seven outbreaks of trichinosis in China [1992-1996]

Seven outbreaks of trichinosis occurred in Zhengzhou [Central China]. From 1992 to 1996, 250 patients were diagnosed. Trichinella larvae were found in 3 of 4 portions of the pork examined and in 5 of 7 cases by muscle biopsy. There was a higher occurrence of outbreaks in winter. Young and middle-aged workers, cadres and merchants were the majority of patients [higher in males than in females]. The most important clinical manifestations were fever, eyelid edema, tiredness and eosinophilia without any gastrointestinal symptoms, rash and with less myalgia. Anti-trichinella antibodies were detected by IF in 62.6% of individuals with the history of infection. The specific antibodies were only observed in 78% of patients one week after onset of disease, while the antibody positive rate was increased to 92.5%, 97.6% and 100% at 2, 3, 4 and 5 weeks after onset and evidently increased from 89.6% before therapy to 100% at 1 week after therapy, then decreased to 74.6% and 23.7% at 1 and 4 months after therapy, respectively. This suggested that IF is a useful tool for immunodiagnosis and checking up the therapeutic effect of trichinosis

Humoral and cellular immune responses in experimental trichinosis

This work was designed to study the relation between cellular and humoral immune responses in experimentally infected albino rats with T. spiralis larvae over a period of four weeks. Cell-mediated immune response [measured by lymphoblast transformation test] revealed a marked lymphoblast response during the intestinal phase, but the reaction became irregular with larval encystation in muscles. Humoral immune response was estimated by both of micro- and dot-ELISA techniques. It was obvious that significant higher OD readings and dot color intensities were observed in the muscular phase than in intestinal phase. The results proved that micro-ELISA had the least accuracy [66.6%] and poorest specificity [81.25%], while dot-ELISA showed the best sensitivity [100%] and highest specificity [87.5%]. Lymphoblast transformation was as specific as dot-ELISA

Parasitosis en huéspedes inmunosuprimidos: revisión / Parasitosis in immunosuppressed hosts: review

Existe escasa información sobre las características de las parasitosis en huéspedes inmunosuprimidos. Esta revisión recoge aspectos de importancia clínica en la infestación de huéspedes inmunodeficientes con Pneumocystis carinii, Toxoplasma gondii, Strongyloides stercoralis, Trichinella spiralis, como también protozoarios de los géneros Cryptosporidium, Plasmodium, Leishmania y parasitosis intestinales. Se detallan características clínicas, pruebas diagnósticas y tratamiento y se analizan los casos presentados en el programa de trasplante renal del Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo